嘉宾：Ken Garofalo，Tezos基金会

主持人：Beep币扑创始人小喵?????????????????????????????????

分享主题：Tezos是如何挤进市值前十的？

分享时间：12月31日10：00

Plan B：Beep重磅打造的一档原生大V对话区块链大咖的线上AMA节目

导语：夫妻档联合创办，对标比特币和以太坊，上线两周即筹集2.32亿美元，当时融资额最高的ICO项目，项目暴富后又遇到内讧崩盘，调整后，团队回归正规，并成功上线主网，并且市值挤进全球前十，如今，这个出生起就充满神奇的项目Tezos来Beep币扑了。**精彩内容请看AMA精简。**

问题一：2019年对于Tezos来说绝对是精彩的一年，但是对很多新投资者来说可能没那么熟悉Tezos，有请Ken来解释一下什么是Tezos，Tezos得住重点是什么？

Tezos may not be a familiar project for some of the new investors. Could you give us a brief introduction about what Tezos is and what it mainly focuses on?

答：Tezos是下一代区块链。一个自我订正的分布式网络账本，参与者（“烘培师”/记账节点）可以通过规范的链上管理来引入协议升级。

烘培师社区随后对这些升级进行投票，以进入共识的新链条，对Tezos进行新功能的升级。此过程甚至可以用来升级链上管理过程本身。

除了自我修正之外，Tezos还拥有业内最安全的智能合约。Tezos的基本代码源自OCaml，因此对于财务方面的智能合约来说是理想的选择，因为它能使财务智能合约更易于验证。由于这些安全的智能合约的特性，我们已经看到在Tezos上出现了STO案例。

Tezos也是LPoS，这意味着任何人都可以作为记账节点（“烘培师”）加入网络，而这只需要拥有一定数量的XTZ（目前是8,000）。如果您的XTZ较少，则可以将tezos委托给烘培师，并开始享受Tezos的staking奖励，目前每年大约7％，每2.5天复利一次。

目前，我们专注于开发人员的招募，并推动STO的发展。

Tezos is the next generation blockchain. A self-amending ledger in which network participants ("bakers" / validators) can introduce protocol upgrades with formalized on-chain governance.

The community of bakers then votes on these upgrades to pass into a consensus new chain, upgrading Tezos to include new features. This process can even be used to upgrade the governance process itself.

Beyond being self-amending, Tezos boasts the most secure smart contracts in the industry. Tezos is ideal for financially weighted smart contracts due to its base code being derived from OCaml, making its smart contracts more easily formally verified. We are already seeing the STO use case arise on Tezos due to these secure smart contract characteristics.

Tezos is also LPoS, meaning anyone can join the network as a validator ("Baker") just needing to have the required amount of XTZ (currently 8,000). If you have less XTZ you can delegate your tezos to a baker and start enjoying Tezos staking rewards, currently around 7% annually, compounded every ~ 2.5 days.

We are currently focused on the continuing onboarding of new developers and also pushing forward the STO use case.

问题二：Tezos的共识机制LPoS在早期阶段是独树一帜的，但随着PoS的普遍化，用户常常会将LPoS和DPoS弄混，您可以解释一下两者之间的区别吗？

The consensus mechanism of Tezos is called LPoS which often got mixed with the concept of DPoS, could you bring out the main diffidence between them?

答：LPoS-股权证明是Tezos独有的。这意味着在任何时间，网络中记账节点的数量都可以更改。任何人都可以成为（Baker），只要他们具有至少一个8,000 XTZ的“ Roll”和基本的技术知识即可建立他们的“ Bakery”。

EOS等其他链根据大众投票将记账节点限制在前21位。Tezos更具包容性，不限制验证者的数量，而是专注于成为最分散的区块链之一。

目前，有超过400位记账节点（烘培者）参加。

烘培者信息的可以参考：mytezosbaker.com或baking-bad.org

与LPoS相关的老文章可以参考：https://link.medium.com/VXxueMlYQ2

LPoS - Liquid proof of stake is unique to Tezos. This means that at any given time the amount of validators in the network can change. Anyone can be a validator (Baker) as long as they have at least one "Roll" currently 8,000 XTZ and basic technical knowledge to set up their "Bakery".

Other blockchains such as EOS limit validators to the top 21 based on popular vote. Tezos is much more inclusive not limiting the amount of validators, instead focusing on being one of the most decentralized blockchains.

Currently there are well over 400 validators (Bakers) participating. A good site for Baker information is mytezosbaker.com or baking-bad.org.

An older article that is still relevant on LPoS can be found here: https://link.medium.com/VXxueMlYQ2

问题2.1:实际上，近几年，人们仍在寻找新的共识机制，有什么你在持续关注的嘛？

Actually people are still looking for new consensus mechanisms these years,is there any interesting research you are fond of?

答：有的，参考Avalanche（雪崩）共识以寻求扩展解决方案。据说，在未来几年内，可以通过链上订正将其引入Tezos。

此外Marigold，一种侧链系统，也是关于扩容方案的。

相关资料（法语）：https://tezos-france.fr/index.php/2019/06/04/marigold-systeme-sidechains-tezos/

我们还讨论过要在Tezos上实现Tendermint共识算法。

这些扩容解决方案都是可以独立开发的，并且可以通过链上订正加入到Tezos中。只要是通过了修订流程，Tezos是可以吸收任意项目的科技点的。在某些情况下，Tezos基金会可能会捐赠致力于这些解决方案的公司或实验室，以加速其落地应用。有关补助金的更多信息，请访问tezos.foundation。

Actually yes, looking into Avalanche consensus for a solution to scaling. There has been chatter that this could be introduced to Tezos via on chain amendment sometime within the next few years.

Also Marigold, a system of sidechains, has been talked about as a scaling solution as well. Marigold article, it's in french - https://tezos-france.fr/index.php/2019/06/04/marigold-systeme-sidechains-tezos/

There is also the Tendermint consensus algorithm that has been talked about being implemented on Tezos.

These are all solutions to scaling developed independently and can be injected into Tezos via the on chain amendment process. Tezos can absorb any piece of technology from any other project, as long as the amendment passes the governance process.In some cases the Tezos Foundation may issue grant money to the company or labs working on these solutions to accelerate their adoption. More information on grants can be found on tezos.foundation

问题三：当我们研究Tezos共识机制的时候，很难避免一些概念诸如“烘培”，“烘培师”，“一卷”等等之类的，这些名字听起来非常可爱但看起来貌似和区块链领域毫不相关，请问这些名字命名的背后有什么有趣的故事吗？

We can not avoid the concept of “bake”, “baker”, “roll” when we dig into the consensus mechanism of Tezos. But is there any interesting story behind those names since they seem to be so cute and so unlike blockchain ?

答：是的！你可能已经注意到“烘焙（baking）”的主题在所有这些Tezos术语中都有。

这背后的原因是Tezos的创始人Arthur Breitman是法国人，并决定以一家法国面包店的名字命名。

在我看来，这有助于普遍接受，因为许多人都喜欢烘烤。

快来享受一些新鲜出炉的Tezos奖励！

Ah yes, so you may have noticed the theme of "Baking" revealing itself in all these Tezos terms.

The reason behind this is that the Founder of Tezos, Arthur Breitman is French and decided to name these terms after a french bakery.

In my opinion this helps with general adoption as many people make fun memes with the baking concept.

Come enjoy some freshly baked Tezos rewards!

问题四：作为一个早期项目，Tezos很多当时新颖的一些机制现在看来都已经是一些比较普遍的功能了，请问Tezos对于这些新生项目的优势在哪？

Some of the unique features of Tezos turn to be really common nowadays like self governence. What’s the advantage of Tezos since so many new projects keep springing up ?

答：Tezos在自治方面可以说是与“雅典”和“巴比伦”升级版。

该过程是分布式的，任何面包师都可以进行升级-他们只需要说服社区投票就可以通过。

Tezos的治理流程具有优势，因为其通货膨胀资金可以用来奖励成功的修正案。如果提案成功通过了治理流程，则提出修正案的开发人员还应在代码中包含invoice，若修正通过，则可以向他们奖励XTZ。

这意味着Tezos将始终具有激励开发人员升级和维护链的方式。他们所获得的XTZ相应奖励的数量完全取决于他们自己，如果他们将100万XTZinvoice写进他们的升级，他们是可以这么做的。但是，是由社区来决定他们的代码是否值得这个通胀。

有关Tezos自治的更多信息，请访问https://www.tezosagora.org?

**除了为成功修订协议的人提供通胀资金外，Tezos基金会还拥有超过500+百万美元的资金，用于推进和培育tezos生态。他们发布了一份半年度报告，其中详细说明了他们有多少钱以及钱是如何使用的。这是使Tezos相对于任何竞争链都真正具有优势的作战基金。

The self governance aspect of Tezos has been proven to work with past upgrades "Athens" and "Babylon".

The process is decentralized, any baker can introduce an upgrade - they just need to convince the community to vote for it to pass.

The Tezos governance process has an advantage because of its inflationary funding to reward a successful amendment. Developers that propose an amendment also include an invoice in the code that pays them newly minted XTZ if the proposal successfully passes the governance process.

This means that Tezos will always have a way of incentivizing developers to upgrade and maintain the blockchain.

The amount of XTZ they are rewarded is completely up to them, if they want to attach a 1 million XTZ invoice with their upgrade proposal, they can, it's just up to the community to decide if their code is worth the inflation.

For more information on Tezos governance visit https://www.tezosagora.org

**In addition to inflationary funding for successful protocol amendments, the organization known as Tezos Foundation also has over 500+ million USD worth of funds that is used to advance and foster the tezos ecosystem. They publish a bi-annual report that details how much money they have and how it's being used. This is the war chest that really gives Tezos an advantage over any competing chain.

问题五：从stakingrewards的数据来看，75%的tezos都在staking之中，您觉得对于PoS币种来说，staking比重越多越好嘛？

According to stakingrewards, more than 75% of Tezos has been staked. In terms of a PoS coin, the more coins staked, the better?

答：没错，staked的币越多，网络越安全。

75％很惊人，这说明当前的共识机制正在发挥作用。

当谈论代币经济学和循环供应时，这也是一个有趣的数字，因为我们看到交易所中XTZ的可能有限，因为大多数XTZ可能是在钱包里。这可能意味着，提价所需的需求量可能会减少。

更重要的是，如果将XTZ委托给（baker）烘焙师，对你来说，将XTZ移出委托合同是没有锁定期的。

Correct, the more of the coins that are staked, the more secure the network is.

75% is quite impressive and proves that the current consensus mechanism is working.

This is also an interesting number when talking about tokenomics and circulating supply, as we see that XTZ supply on exchanges can be limited as a majority of XTZ may be staking from other wallets. This may mean that it could take less demand to bring a rise to the price.

It is important to note that if you are delegating your XTZ towards a baker that there is no lock up period for you to move the XTZ out of the delegation contract.

问题5.1:但这是不是会影响代币的流动性？毕竟我们还是要使用的？

But will it affect the liquidity of the tokens？ Afterall we want to use it right?

答：除了这75％，实际上烘焙师（baker）只有约8.25％的债券担保（锁定）。

如果你是代理人，那么你将永远不会遇到代币被锁定的情况。

实际上，这是在不失去资产控制权的情况下获得股权奖励的绝妙方法。

Out of that 75% that are staking, only around ~8.25% is actually (locked) as bond requirements by the bakers.

If you are a delegator you will never experience any lock up on your tokens.

It's actually a brilliant way to earn the staking reward without losing control of your assets.

问题5.2: 在staking和流动性的比例之间是否有一个最佳的平衡点？

Is there a best balance between staking and liquidity?

答：我不认为staking与流动性会有最佳比例。重要的是，网络中的大部分都在staking以保证稳定，从而减少不好的影响。

I dont believe there is any best ratio of staking to liquidity. It is important that a large % of the network is staking to secure the network and reduce chances of a bad actor taking control.

问题5.3:但在staking阶段，你还是不能移动你的代币，对吗？

Still you can’t move you tokens when staking right?

答：不，代币在staking还是委托期都可以转移。只有你自省烘焙（baking）的时候才会产生保证金。

不过通常，在staking阶段你不会移动你的代币。由于随机快照确定了烘焙权利（快照周期在2.5天）

你不会想错过快照的。

Yes, tokens can be freely moved when staking/delegating.

Only if you are self baking is there a bond requirement.

Typically you wouldn't move your tokens when staking because of the random snapshot that determines baking rights that happens each cycle (~2.5 days).

You dont want to miss that snapshot.

问题六：17年对于Tezos来说是非常煎熬的一年，团队内部出现了强烈的内讧，风波平息之后，你们从中学到的感悟是？而这种情况在新生创业团队中屡见不鲜，对于他们来说有什么建议嘛？

What lessons does Tezos learnt from the “famous delimma” in 2017 and is there any advice you want to share with new startups ?

答：对于整个社区来说，2017年是一个很好的学习过程。

它最终促使参与者克服了我们遇到的任何障碍。对于我们的社区能够集体成长并迅速解决当前问题，我感到非常自豪。

现在我们正全力以赴，并准备进入Tezos的成长阶段。

至于对其他初创公司的建议，我想说的是，始终为所有方面做好准备，并且在遇到障碍时也不要灰心。通常，所有伟大的成功都必须克服逆境，这就是使团队更强大的原因。

What happened in 2017 was a great learning process for the whole community. In the end it hardened participants to overcome any obstacles that come our way. I'm very proud that our community was able to collectively rise up and swiftly fix the issue at hand.

Now we are full steam ahead and ready to enter the growth phase for Tezos.

As far as advice for other startups, I'd say always prepare for all ends of the spectrum and never be discouraged when an obstacle comes your way.

All great successes usually have to overcome adversity, and that's what makes the team stronger.

问题七：在应用落地这一块，Tezos的着力点落在哪里或者您本身看好哪几个方向？

Which blockchain use cases Tezos or you personally will definitely pay attention to ?

答：STO是当前引起行业内和主流关注的主要用例，这也是我最关注的。

Tezos最适合现实世界资产的STO，因为它的智能合约更易于验证。 Tokensoft Inc.，Securitize，Elevated Return和BTG Pactual等公司已经宣布支持并承诺在Tezos上对价值数十亿美元的房地产进行代币化。

从我的角度来看，证券型通证是区块链的第一个主要用例之一。我们将能够使用证券型通政来革新传统金融。在当今的传统市场中，如果匹配正确，交易可能需要T + 2 / T + 3甚至更多时间才能确定。我们几天的时间可不短啊！快到2020年了，我们需要利用证券型通证提供的即时结算来减少或消灭持有相应抵押品的需求。这有可能释放出银行定期存入的数万亿美元浪费的抵押品存款。更不用说股票投资和改进过的会计数据库将是证券型通证的优势。

Tezos正引领着证券型通证的发展，我感到无比兴奋去看到这些项目在2020年投入使用。

证券型通证的潜在市场超过268万亿美元**，由全球可投资金融资产存量组成。

相关媒体报道: https://tezos.foundation/news/btg-pactual-and-dalma-capital-to-utilize-tezos-blockchain-for-security-token-offerings-stos

The main use case that is currently gaining a lot of attention from both the blockchain industry and mainstream is STOs. This is what has my full attention as well.

Tezos is best suited for real world asset backed STOs due to its smart contracts being more easily formally verified.

Players such as Tokensoft Inc., Securitize, Elevated Returns, and BTG Pactual have announced support and committed real estate to be tokenized on Tezos worth multiple billions of dollars.

Security tokens from my perspective are one of the first major use cases for blockchain.

We will be able to revolutionize traditional finance with security tokens. In today's traditional markets it can take T+2/ T+3 or more for trades to settle, if matched correctly. That's multiple days we are talking about, let that sink in. It's almost 2020 and we need to take advantage of the instant settlement that security tokens provide to reduce or eliminate the need for corresponding collateral to be held. This could potentially free up trillions of dollars in wasted collateral deposits banks make regularly. Not to mention fractional share investing and improved accounting database will be benefits of security tokens.

Tezos is leading the way for security tokens and I couldn't be more excited to start seeing these projects go live in 2020.

The addressable market for security tokenization is in excess of $268 trillion**, which is composed of the global stock of investable financial assets. Relevant press release: https://tezos.foundation/news/btg-pactual-and-dalma-capital-to-utilize-tezos-blockchain-for-security-token-offerings-stos

问题7.1:回首2018，人们一致再说STO会是下一件大事，你怎么看这个观点？

Back to 2018, people keep saying it will be the NEXT BIG THING, what's your perspective about that?

答：是的，我同意STO将是下一件大事，但是正如我们在上一次Tezos在波士顿的 Meetup上了解到的那样-某些规定要求一段时间后才能真正对资产通政化。这不像ICO热潮，您可以草拟智能合约并创建代币而不受限制。

STO在其特定辖区受到完全监管。时间范围可能会因位置而异。

这将是一个持续20年以上的过程。

Yes I agree STOs are going to be the next big thing, but as we learned during our last Tezos Boston Meetup - certain regulations require periods of waiting before assets can actually be tokenized. This isnt like the ICO craze where you could draft a smart contract and create the token without restrictions.

STOs are fully regulated in their specific jurisdictions. Timeframes can differ based on location.

This is going to be a 20 year+ ongoing process.

问题八：明天就是新年了，您觉得Tezos2019年最令人激动的新闻是什么？以及2020年的计划？

What’s the most exciting news for Tezos in 2019 and what’s the plan for Tezos in 2020?

答：对于Tezos来说，2019年最激动人心的消息是数十亿美元的房地产通过Tezos的STO代币化。

这些消息才刚刚宣布，我们正焦急地等待这些项目在2020年上线。

由于证券型通政的流通所产生的gas／手续费将增加XTZ的需求。在一些情况下，我们甚至可能会将XTZ用作STO的筹资资产，类似于我们在2017年看到的ETH用于ICO的情况。

主流新闻媒体大量报道了这类新闻事件，甚至在美国各投资银行之间有报道称这些在Bloomberg上成为头条新闻了。

Tezos生态系统中的所有组织将继续努力，争取在2020年招募更多开发人员，并继续接受教育。随着流程的成熟，我们预计在2020年将会有更多STO公告。

我个人也很高兴看到主要的交易所支持Tezos烘焙（baking），这让tezos staking的奖励更统容易获得了。

The most exciting news for Tezos in 2019 was the announcement of Billions of dollars in real estate being tokenized through STOs on Tezos.

So far these have just been announced and we are anxiously waiting to see the projects go live in 2020.

This should increase demand on XTZ to pay the gas/ transaction fees associated with the movement of the security tokens. In some cases we may even see XTZ used as a fundraising asset for the STOs similar to how we saw ETH used for ICOs in 2017.

These type of news events are heavily covered by mainstream media and have even been reported to have headlined on bloomberg terminals across investment banks in the US.

All organizations across the Tezos ecosystem will continue to work towards onboarding new developers in 2020 as well as continued education. We also expect more STO announcements to come in 2020 as the process matures.

I'm personally also very excited to see the major exchanges support Tezos baking, making it easier than ever to earn Tezos staking rewards.

问题九：从14年以来，大家就喜欢拿Tezos和以太坊进行对比，现阶段以太坊也打算从PoW转向PoS，对此你怎么看？

People keep comparing Tezos with Ethereum sin 2014. How do you think Ethereum is going to transform from PoW to PoS?

答：与Tezos相比，以太坊非常中心化，并且基于Vitalik的言论，他们希望中心化。

不幸的是，以太坊在升级到PoS时遇到了很多麻烦，多次延迟了该过程。

我认为他们很难与记账节点社区达成共识，因为许多人已经花费了数千美元（甚至数百万美元）购买了可能变得毫无价值的采矿设备。

这可能不仅给社区造成动荡，而且也会反映在他们的市值排名中。

但是很明显，PoS是未来，与PoW相比能耗更低，并且激励措施相互配合。

Tezos具有从一开始就始终是LPoS的优势。在Tezos中，如果您想增加“挖矿”的份额，您只需购买更多XTZ。这是同等激励，这个奖励与“挖矿”是相同。

Ethereum is very centralized compared to Tezos, and based on Vitalik's comments they want to be centralized.

Unfortunately Ethereum has had a lot of trouble upgrading to PoS, delaying the process multiple times.

I see it hard for them to come to a consensus with their community of validators as many have spent thousands if not millions of dollars on physical mining equipment that could potentially become worthless.

This may cause more than turbulence with their community and should reflect in their marketcap ranking.

But it is clear that PoS is the future, consuming less energy than PoW and having coaligned incentives.

Tezos has the advantage of always being LPoS from the start. In Tezos if you want to increase your share of "mining" power you just have to buy more XTZ. This is coaligned incentive where the reward is the same asset as the "mining" power.

问题十：比特币减半就要来临了，您怎么看未来行情走势呢？

With the halving coming, how would you think the market will go?

答：实际上，我在比特币图表中看到一个非常良性的图线，并且它与减半时间线完全吻合。我认为减半仍旧会是BTC价格的利好。比特币仍然是王者，但除非比特币能够创造新的历史高点，否则我们似乎不会看到大幅回报。我相信2021年对于整个市场来说将是非常好的一年。

我们有一个口号。

Tezos，新的比特币:)

I'm actually starting to see a promising formation in the bitcoin chart and it is lining up perfectly with the halving timeline.

I believe the halving will continue to be a positive indicator for the price of BTC.

Bitcoin is still the king and it seems we wont see drastic returns in alts unless bitcoin is able to make new all time highs and beyond. I believe 2021 will be a very good year for the entire market.

A slogan some of us have been saying...

Tezos, the new Bitcoin :)

#Plan B#